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Ubuntu Notes
20 Jul 2020
Updated VirtualBox to 6.1.12 and Ubuntu 18 would not login after MATE authentication screen (just got black screen). Went into /opt/VBoxGuestAdditions-6.1.8 and uninstalled the Guest Additions. Rebooted, logged in correctly. Then installed latest version of GuestAdditions. Rebooted again, logged in and all worked correctly.
If restarting makes the screen go black again, use CTRL-F in VirtualBox 2 times, and that restores it.
Other Notes
Enabling root (or use sudo -i)
Release info:
lsb_release -a
View installed kernels:
# dpkg --list | grep linux-image
Remove old kernels:
-
- # linux-purge -s
- # linux-purge
- # linux-purge -m
Searching for Ubuntu Packages and versions
View installed packages:
# apt list --installed # dpkg --get-selections | grep -v deinstall |grep unifi
Remove installed package:
# dpkg -r package_name
Ubuntu 18.04 LTS
- After initial login, change preferences in terminal and remove undesired favorites
- Allow Virtualbox guest additions:
sudo apt update sudo apt install build-essential gcc make perl sudo apt install vim sudo apt install gnome-software sudo apt install openssh-server reboot
12 Sep 2019
Configure Apache HTTPS on Ubuntu 18
26 Jan 2019
Logging into Desktop GUI only gives a blank screen:
- Tried updating VirtualBox Guest Additions to v5.2-5.2.24 but no change
- Tried updating packages using commands below
Use these commands to update packages, as it allows interactive use to answer questions:
sudo apt update sudo apt upgrade sudo apt --with-new-pkgs upgrade
Very slow using Ubuntu GUI now:
- Enable 3D acceleration in VirtualBox settings
- Allocate 128MB video RAM
- Restart and test
- Also see these links:
Check that 3D acceleration is supported:
sudo apt install nux-tools /usr/lib/nux/unity_support_test -p
Installing mysql:
sudo apt install mysql-client-core-5.7 sudo apt install mysql-server sudo /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation
Then login like this:
sudo mysql -u root -p
Login with a non-root user like this:
mysql -u username -p
See notes at https://www.digitalocean.com/community/tutorials/how-to-install-mysql-on-ubuntu-18-04 for setting up a new user
Other SQL commands/testing:
CREATE USER 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'username'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; CREATE DATABASE dbname; SET PASSWORD FOR 'username'@'localhost' = PASSWORD('password');
To allow logins to mysql via adminer:
https://serverfault.com/questions/1001274/adminer-denied-acces-for-user
# su - # mysql -u root -p > ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'YOUR_PASSWORD'; # systemctl restart mysql # systemctl restart apache2.service
To fix this locale error upon login:
-bash: warning: setlocale: LC_ALL: cannot change locale (en_US)
run the following:
sudo locale-gen en_US locale -a
and confirm you see en_US now. See https://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1675347&page=2 for more info.
Ubuntu 14.04.5 LTS Notes
- sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
- sudo apt-get install apache2
- sudo apt-get install mysql-server
- sudo apt-get install php5 libapache2-mod-php5
- sudo apt-get install gufw
- sudo apt-get install php5-mcrypt
- sudo apt-get install openssh-server openssh-client
Edit php.ini to include the following line:
extension=mcrypt.so
Restart apache:
sudo /etc/init.d/apache2 restart
Installing Ubuntu 12.04 LTS on VirtualBox
- Choose download updates while installing
- Choose to install 3rd party software
- At first load, unlock unnecessary icons from launcher
- Use sudo -i instead of root
Install VirtualBox Guest Additions
- sudo apt-get install linux-headers-generic
- Still reports current running kernel headers not installed
- Guest Additions installed okay
Install MyUnity to tweak fonts
- All 10 except for Monospace (11)
- Show some icons on desktop
If you cannot manage Network connections (grayed out):
- Manage some network settings through the System Settings Menu
- Edit /etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManger.conf
- Change line to managed=true
- sudo service network-manager restart
Install and configure vpnc packages
- In Ubuntu Software Center, choose All Software and search for network-manager-vpn
- You should see network-manager-vpnc-gnome and network-manager-vpnc; install both.
- If it can't find these packages, may need to check /etc/apt/sources.list
- Example line to add: deb http://ubuntu.cs.utah.edu/ubuntu precise main universe
- sudo apt-get update
- Now 3 vpn software packages should be installed:
- network-manager-vpnc
- network-manager-vpnc-gnome
- vpnc (seems to get installed from other 2)
- Add VPN connection
- In advanced options of VPN configuration, there is a setting called Transport and Security. Set "NAT traversal" to Cisco UDP
- Also changed line in /etc/nsswitch.conf from "hosts: files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns 4 mdns" to "hosts: files dns". Probably not needed; located from http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1842371
- Precise (12.04 release)
- Searched for "network-manager-vpnc" and installed
- It then installed these 3 packages
-
- If necessary, save this file and install manually. It installs other needed files.
-
- Lucid (10.04 release)
Install periodic updates:
- You may be able to right-click a little icon in the upper right hand corner of the screen that looks like a gear cog. It should indicate status of pending updates.
- From the command line, use:
sudo apt-get update
- Then a little icon called "Update Manager" will appear in left sidebar
- Choose the files to update through that GUI
Download and install a .deb package:
- Save the .deb file to some folder
- sudo apt install ./name.deb