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--- adding_a_second_hard_drive [2012/06/07 14:45] – created juckins
+++ adding_a_second_hard_drive [2023/12/31 16:46] (current) – juckins
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+==== Adding a Second Hard Drive to Linux Machine ====
+__31 December 2023 - 4TB SSD Hard Drive on NUC 13 Pro Kit running Rocky Linux 9.3__
+  * Install gparted RPM
+  * Start up gparted as root
+  * Select the /dev/sda disk using the pull-down menu in the upper right corner
+    * Note that the primary disk is /dev/nvme0n1
+  * Device > Create Partition Table...
+    * Choose the default 'gpt'
+  * Partition > New
+    * Select defaults except for the following:
+      * Partition name: disk2
+      * Label: disk2
+      * File system: ext4
+    * Click Add
+  * Click green check mark to Apply All Operations
+  * Open an xterm as root
+  * mkdir /disk2
+  * You need to modify the /etc/fstab entry to something like the following
+    * ''UUID=XXXXXXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXX /disk2                  ext4     defaults        1 1''
+  * You find the UUID for the new hard disk by going to ''/dev/disk/by-uuid/'' and doing ''ls -l''
+  * There you will see the UUID pointing to the drive (ex. ../../sda)
+  * Use that information to update ''/etc/fstab''
+  * ''systemctl daemon-reload''
+  * ''mount -a''
+  * ''df -hP''
+    * Ensure you see /disk2 mount and you can cd in and touch/remove a test file
+  * Reboot to ensure disk mounts correctly
+__19 April 2016 - 3TB Hard Drive on CentOS 6__
+See [[http://www.tech-g.com/2012/07/25/installing-my-3tb-hard-drive-on-debian-linux-step-by-step/|Installing 3TB Hard Drive on Debian]]
+  * Couldn't use default partition scheme (2 TB is largest supported disk)
+  * Had to make a new partition using the GUI application GParted in format 'gpt'
+----
+Follow the instructions on this page.  But if you are using SATA drives, replace "hdb" with "sdb" and "hdb1" with "sdb1", etc.
 [[http://www.yolinux.com/TUTORIALS/LinuxTutorialAdditionalHardDrive.html]]
+For newer hardware, see [[http://go2linux.garron.me/linux/2010/09/uuid-linux-fstab-file-766]] for UUID information.
+[[https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Storage_Administration_Guide/persistent_naming-uuid_and_others.html | Mounting a hard drive with UUID in /etc/fstab]]
+----
+July 2015 Notes
+Backup any important files
+vi /etc/fstab to remove old HDD entry first
+Remove/replace drive.
+Boot.
+Use rescue mode if you forgot to undo /etc/fstab
+RHEL6 rescue mode:
+https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-US/Red_Hat_Enterprise_Linux/6/html/Deployment_Guide/ch-System_Recovery.html#sec-Rescue_Mode
+vi /etc/fstab to remove old HDD entry.
+Reboot, get this prompt:
+SELinux relabeling required.
+Note, each * is 1000 files that have been relabeled
+http://www.linuxforums.org/forum/red-hat-fedora-linux/161383-solved-boot-failure-after-latest-kernel-update-fed-12-a.html
+Relabeling took 18 minutes on a 250MB primary drive 87% full.  Not sure how many files it had.
+Partition the new drive:
+http://www.techotopia.com/index.php/Adding_a_New_Disk_Drive_to_an_RHEL_6_System
+<code>
+[root@localhost: /dev/disk]# fdisk /dev/sdf
+The device presents a logical sector size that is smaller than
+the physical sector size. Aligning to a physical sector (or optimal
+I/O) size boundary is recommended, or performance may be impacted.
+WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to
+         switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to
+         sectors (command 'u').
+Command (m for help): c
+DOS Compatibility flag is not set
+Command (m for help): u
+Changing display/entry units to sectors
+Command (m for help): p
+Disk /dev/sdf: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
+heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, total 3907029168 sectors
+Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
+I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
+Disk identifier: 0x0000f111
+   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
+Command (m for help): n
+Command action
+   e   extended
+   p   primary partition (1-4)
+p
+Partition number (1-4):
+Value out of range.
+Partition number (1-4): 1
+First sector (2048-3907029167, default 2048):
+Using default value 2048
+Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-3907029167, default 3907029167):
+Using default value 3907029167
+Command (m for help): p
+Disk /dev/sdf: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
+heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders, total 3907029168 sectors
+Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
+Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
+I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
+Disk identifier: 0x0000f111
+   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
+/dev/sdf1            2048  3907029167  1953513560   83  Linux
+Command (m for help): w
+The partition table has been altered!
+Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
+Syncing disks.
+[root@localhost: /dev/disk]#
+</code>
+Format the new drive:
+  * Open up Applications > System Tools > Disk Utility
+    * Note for CENTOS7 you need to install gnome-disk-utility
+    * Then run: gnome-disks
+    * Upper right hand corner has the link to view SMART data
+  * See Storage Devices on left side of GUI
+  * Click on the new hard drive
+  * Should see new partition
+  * Click Format Volume
+  * Give it a label, use default (ext4)
+Update /etc/fstab with drive UUID in /dev/disk/by-uuid
+mount -a
+Reboot as final test.